The snail, in turn, must evade the masterful octopus that creeps between the anemone-encrusted rocks, while above them sharks prowl through the kelp understory. Between urchin spines, tiny crabs and juvenile abalone take shelter while hungry fish swirl past.

There are rare moments, if we are open to them, when we see ourselves through nature’s eye. For marine biologist Jannes Landschoff and documentary filmmaker Craig Foster, this moment came when they found themselves the victim of theft. The perpetrator? A familiar acquaintance: the octopus.

South Africa hosts an abundance of marine species, but there are not enough taxonomists to support the effective management and protection of our rich marine biodiversity.

In the emerald gloom of an underwater cave, a torch light illuminates a strange creature. Its delicate black and white arms resemble a fern, stretching out in fractal branches. As the ring of light meanders along the cave wall, it reveals magnificent plant and animal life – each a unique feature of the Great African Seaforest.

Africa is the most vulnerable continent in the face of climate change, according to team leader of the African Group of Negotiators Expert Support (Agnes), Dr George Wamukoya. He stresses the importance of formulating a strong position for Africa to present at COP27, taking place in Egypt in November.

With this year’s event, dubbed “the Africa COP”, taking place on African soil for the first time since 2011, COP27 is a valuable opportunity to focus global attention on Africa’s vulnerability to rising temperatures, droughts, flooding, agriculture collapse, habitat and biodiversity loss and escalating conflict.

When COVID-19 hit there was a global scramble for the billions of facemasks needed for people to shield themselves from the virus. Now, discarded masks are leaching plastics and chemicals into the environment and, along with innumerable other plastic products, are polluting rivers and sources of drinking water in Africa – with potentially serious consequences for human health, food security and biodiversity.

Light dictates life. It was this idea that Dr Bernard Coetzee pondered over cups of tea with fellow ecologists when the possible connection between light and infectious disease clicked. “Artificial light is really interesting and it’s really scary – it’s doing things to the environment that we just don’t think about,” says Coetzee.